Dipotassium phosphate

Dipotassium phosphate

Names
IUPAC name Potassium hydrogen phosphate
Other names Potassium monohydrogen phosphate Phosphoric acid dipotassium salt Potassium phosphate dibasic
Identifiers
CAS Number	7758-11-4 Y
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:131527 N
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1200459 N
ChemSpider	22858 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.940
EC Number	231-834-5
PubChem	24450
UNII	CI71S98N1Z Y
InChI InChI=1S/2K.H3O4P/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2 Y Key: ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L Y InChI=1/2K.H3O4P/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2 Key: ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-NUQVWONBAH
SMILES [K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)O
Properties
Chemical formula	K2HPO4
Molar mass	174.2 g/mol
Appearance	white powder deliquescent
Odor	odorless
Density	2.44 g/cm3
Melting point	> 465 °C (869 °F; 738 K) decomposes
Solubility in water	149.25 g/100 mL (20 °C)
Solubility	slightly soluble in alcohol
Acidity (pKa)	12.4
Basicity (pKb)	6.8
Hazards
NFPA 704	0 2 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
Related compounds
Other cations	Disodium phosphate Diammonium phosphate
Related compounds	Monopotassium phosphate Tripotassium phosphate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Dipotassium phosphate (K₂HPO₄) (also dipotassium hydrogen orthophosphate; potassium phosphate dibasic) is a highly water-soluble salt which is often used as a fertilizer, food additive and buffering agent. It is a common source of phosphorus and potassium.

A dipotassium phosphate solution is formed by the stoichiometric reaction of phosphoric acid with two equivalents of potassium hydroxide:

H₃PO₄ + 2 KOH → K₂HPO₄ + 2 H₂O

Uses

As a food additive, dipotassium phosphate is used in imitation dairy creamers, dry powder beverages, mineral supplements, and starter cultures.^[1] It is used in non-dairy creamers to prevent coagulation.^[2]

Dipotassium phosphate is also used to make buffer solutions and it is used in the production of trypticase soy agar which is used to make agar plates for culturing bacteria.

A 3% gel of dipotassium phosphate is used as the active ingredient in Crest Sensi-Strips, a common tooth sensitivity product.

Safety

As a food additive, dipotassium phosphate is categorized in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration as generally recognized as safe (GRAS).^[3]

References

1. ↑ John H. Thorngate iii, Seppo Salminen , Larry A . Branen , and Michael P . Davidson, eds. (2001). "Food Phosphates". Food Additives. CRC Press. doi:10.1201/9780824741709.ch25. ISBN 978-0-8247-9343-2.  CS1 maint: Uses editors parameter (link)
2. ↑ "dipotassium phosphate". Retrieved 2009-01-06.  (uses: Food Industry)
3. ↑ "Database of Select Committee on GRAS Substances (SCOGS) Reviews". Retrieved 2008-03-22.  (listed as "potassium phosphate, dibasic")