Planh

The planh or plaing (Old Occitan [ˈplaɲ]; "lament") is a funeral lament used by the troubadours, modeled on the medieval Latin planctus. It differed from the planctus in that it was intended for a secular audience. Alfred Jeanroy noticed three different types: those dedicated to grands personnages (great patrons), those to family and friends, and those to ladies and lovers.

Chronological table of planhs

  grand personnage   other troubadour   lady   friend

Composer Incipit (i.e. title) Date Mourned
Cercamon Lo plaing comens iradamen 1137 William X of Aquitaine
Giraut de Borneil S'anc jorn aqui joi e solaz 1173 Raimbaut d'Aurenga
Guillem de Berguedà Cousiros chan e planh e plor 1180 Pons de Mataplana
Bertran de Born ? Si tuit li dol el plor el marrimen 1183 Henry the Young King
Bertran de Born Mon chan fenisc el dol et ab maltraire 1183 Henry the Young King
Folquet de Marselha Si com cel qu'es tan greujat 1192 Barral I dels Baus
Gaucelm Faidit Fortz causa es que tot lo major dan 1199 Richard the Lion-Hearted
Giraut de Borneil Planh e sospir e plor e chan 1199 Aimar V of Limoges
Pons de Capduelh De totz caitius sui eu aicel que plus ???? Azalais, wife of Ozil de Mercœur
Guillem Augier Novella Cascus plor e planh son damnatge 1209 Raymond Roger Trencavel
Lanfranc Cigala Eu non chan ges pes talan de chantar 1210s Berlenda
Giraut de Calanso Bels senher Deus, quo pot esser sofritz 1211 Ferdinand, infante of Castile
Gavaudan Crezens fis verais et entiers 1212 his anonymous lady
Aimeric de Peguilhan Ja no cugei quem pogues oblidar 1212 Azzo VI of Este and Boniface of Verona
Aimeric de Peguilhan S'eu chantei alegres ni jauzens 1212 Azzo VI of Este and Boniface of Verona
Daude de Pradas Be deu esser solatz marritz 1220–30 Uc Brunet
Aimeric de Peguilhan Ara par be que Valors se desfai 1220 Guglielmo Malaspina
Aimeric de Peguilhan De tot en tot es ar de mi partitz ???? bona comtessa Biatritz
Sordel Planher vol En Blacatz en aquest leugier so 1237 Blacatz
Bertran d'Alamanon Mout m'es greu d'En Sordel quar l'es faillitz sos sens 1237 Blacatz
Peire Bremon Ricas Novas Pus partit an lo cor En Sordel e'n Bertrans 1237 Blacatz
Aimeric de Belenoi Ailas, per que viu lonjamen ni dura 1242 Nuño Sánchez
Aimeric de Peguilhan ? Ab marrimen angoissos et ab plor 1245 Raymond Berengar IV of Provence
Rigaut de Berbezilh attr. En chantan (ieu) plaing e sospir 1245 Raymond Berengar IV of Provence
Bonifaci Calvo S'ieu ai perdut, no s'en podon jauzir 1250–65 his anonymous lady
Bertran Carbonel S'ieu anc nulh tems chantei alegramen 1252–65 P. G. (prob. Peire Guilhem de Tolosa)
Pons Santolh Marritz com hom malsabens ab frachura 1260 Guilhem de Montanhagol
Raimon Gaucelm Cascus planh lo sieu damnatge 1262 Guiraut d'Alanhan, burgess of Béziers
Anonymous Totas honors e tug fag benestan 1266 Manfred of Sicily
Bertolome Zorzi Sil mons fondes a meravilha gran 1268 Conradin and Frederick I of Baden
Paulet de Marselha Razos no nes que hom deja cantar 1268 Barral II dels Baus
Anonymous En chantan m'aven a retraire 1269 Gregorio de Montelungo
Guilhem d'Autpol ? Fortz tristors es e salvatj'a retraire 1270 Louis IX of France
Guiraut Riquier Ples de tristor, marritz e doloiros 1270 Amalric IV of Narbonne
Joan Esteve Aissi quol malanans 1270 Amalric IV of Narbonne
Mahieu de Quercy Tan sui marritz que nom puesc alegrar 1276 James the Conqueror
Cerverí de Girona Si per tristor per dol ni per cossire 1276 James the Conqueror
Cerverí de Girona Joys ni solatz, pascors, abrils ni mais 1276 Raimon de Cardona
Joan Esteve Planhen ploran ab desplazer 1289 Guilhem de Lodeva
Raimon Menudet Ab grans dolors et ab grans merrimens ???? Daude de Bossaguas
Raimon de Cornet Aras quan vey de bos homes fraytura 1324 Amanieu VII of Albret
Anonymous Glorios Dieus, don totz bens ha creysensa 1343 Robert the Peace-Maker

References

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