1854 in Canada
| Years in Canada: | 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 | 
| Centuries: | 18th century · 19th century · 20th century | 
| Decades: | 1820s 1830s 1840s 1850s 1860s 1870s 1880s | 
| Years: | 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 | 
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Events from the year 1854 in Canada.
Events
- January 27 - The Great Western Railway opens, linking Toronto, Hamilton and Windsor.
 - June 6 - The Canadian-American Reciprocity Treaty is signed
 - October 27 - A Great Western Railway passenger train collides with the tail end of gravel train at Baptiste Creek, Canada West. At least 52 people are killed.
 - Establishment of the African Baptist Association of Nova Scotia.
 - St. Joseph’s Academy for Young Ladies, later to be known as St. Joseph's College School, was founded by the Sisters of St. Joseph of Toronto.
 
Births

Robert Borden
- April 13 - William Henry Drummond, poet (died 1907)
 - May 21 - Edward Gawler Prior, mining engineer, politician and Premier of British Columbia (died 1920)
 - June 8 - Douglas Colin Cameron, politician and Lieutenant-Governor of Manitoba (died 1921)
 - June 26 - Robert Borden, lawyer, politician and 8th Prime Minister of Canada (died 1937)
 - August 29 - Arthur Peters, politician and Premier of Prince Edward Island (died 1908)
 - September 1 - James Alexander Lougheed, businessman and politician (died 1925)
 
Deaths
- January 20 - Denis-Benjamin Papineau, joint premier of the Province of Canada (born 1789)
 - September 19 - Sir George Arthur, 1st Baronet, army officer and colonial administrator (born 1784)
 
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